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William Butler Yeats

The poet William Bulter Yeats (1865 – 1939) was a lion of English and Irish literature in the 20th century, awarded the Noble Prize in Literature in 1923. His recognition so soon after Ireland’s independence afforded him the opportunity to promote Irish nationalism and cultural independence. In addition to his accomplishments as a poet and short story author, Yeats founded the Abbey Theatre, spearheaded the Irish Literary Revival, and served in the Irish Senate for two terms late in his life.
Yeats grew up in Sandymount in County Dublin, Ireland where he attended school, before studying in London. He enjoyed poetry at an early age, reading Irish myths and works of the occult. The Island of Statues was his first significant poem. Yeats published his first book of lyrical work titled, The Wanderings of Oisin and Other Poems in 1889, comprising magical and fantasy pieces based on the Fenian Cycle of Irish mythology. His early works were clearly influenced by Percy Bysshe Shelley, Edmund Spenser, and William Blake. Yeats moved from Transcendentalism and a fascination with Irish mythology in his early years; he transitioned to poetry, which afforded more realistic and grounded expressions in the physical. His style is considered symbolist.
After World War I, Yeats became disillusioned by the efficacy of democracy, lost much of his revolutionary spirit, and began favoring totalitarianism. He served as a Senator of the Irish Free State from 1922-1928. After winning the Nobel Prize, his book sales increased and he had enough wealth to pay off his family’s debts.
“Education is not the filling of a pail, but rather the lighting of a fire.”
After many years of poor health, he underwent an operation, regaining his zeal for writing poetry, and dating younger women. In 1936, Yeats edited the Oxford Book of Modern Verse, 1892–1935. He passed away in 1939. His grave’s epitaph is an excerpt from his poem, Under Ben Bulben:

Poems

  • A Bronze Head
  • A Coat
  • A Cradle Song
  • A Crazed Girl
  • Adams Curse
  • A Deep-sworn Vow
  • A Dialogue Of Self And Soul
  • A Dream Of Death
  • A Drinking Song
  • A Drunken Mans Praise Of Sobriety
  • Aedh Gives His Beloved Certain Rhymes
  • Aedh Hears The Cry Of The Sedge
  • Aedh Laments The Loss Of Love
  • Aedh Pleads With The Elemental Powers
  • Aedh Tells Of A Valley Full Of Lovers
  • Aedh Tells Of The Perfect Beauty
  • Aedh Tells Of The Rose In His Heart
  • Aedh Thinks Of Those Who Have Spoken Evil Of His Beloved
  • Aedh Wishes His Beloved Were Dead
  • A Faery Song
  • A First Confession
  • A Friends Illness
  • After Long Silence
  • Against Unworthy Praise
  • A Last Confession
  • All Souls Night
  • All Things Can Tempt Me
  • Alternative Song For The Severd Head In “The King Of The Great Clock Tower”
  • A Man Young And Old
  • A Man Young And Old:- First Love
  • A Man Young And Old:- From Oedipus At Colonus
  • A Man Young And Old:- His Memories
  • A Man Young And Old:- His Wildness
  • A Man Young And Old:- Human Dignity
  • A Man Young And Old:- Summer And Spring
  • A Man Young And Old:- The Death Of The Hare
  • A Man Young And Old:- The Empty Cup
  • A Man Young And Old:- The Friends Of His Youth
  • A Man Young And Old:- The Mermaid
  • A Man Young And Old:- The Secrets Of The Old
  • A Meditation In Time Of War
  • A Memory Of Youth
  • A Model For The Laureate
  • Among School Children
  • An Acre Of Grass
  • An Appointment
  • Anashuya And Vijaya
  • A Nativity
  • A Needles Eye
  • An Image From A Past Life
  • An Irish Airman Foresees His Death
  • Another Song Of A Fool
  • A Poet To His Beloved
  • A Prayer For My Daughter
  • A Prayer For My Son
  • A Prayer For Old Age
  • A Prayer On Going Into My House
  • Are You Content?
  • A Song
  • A Song From The Player Queen
  • A Stick Of Incense
  • At Aleciras – A Meditaton Upon Death
  • At Galway Races
  • A Thought From Propertius
  • At the Abbey Theatre
  • A Woman Homer sung
  • A Woman Young And Old
  • Baile And Aillinn
  • Beautiful Lofty Things
  • Before The World Was Made
  • Beggar To Beggar Cried
  • Blood And The Moon
  • Breasal The Fisherman
  • Broken Dreams
  • Brown Penny
  • Byzantium
  • Chosen
  • Church And State
  • Closing Rhymes
  • Colonel Martin
  • Colonus Praise
  • Come Gather Round Me, Parnellites
  • Conjunctions
  • Consolation
  • Coole Park
  • Coole Park and Ballylee
  • Crazy Jane And Jack The Journeyman
  • Crazy Jane And The Bishop
  • Crazy Jane Grown Old Looks At The Dancers
  • Crazy Jane On God
  • Crazy Jane On The Day Of Judgment
  • Crazy Jane On The Mountain
  • Crazy Jane Reproved
  • Crazy Jane Talks With The Bishop
  • Cuchulain Comforted
  • Cuchulains Fight With The Sea
  • Death
  • Demon and Beast
  • Down By The Salley Gardens
  • Easter
  • Ego Dominus Tuus
  • Ephemera
  • Fallen Majesty
  • Father And Child
  • Fergus And The Druid
  • For Anne Gregory
  • Fragments
  • Friends
  • From A Full Moon In March
  • From The “Antigone”
  • Girls Song
  • Gratitude To The Unknown Instructors
  • Hanrahan Laments Because Of His Wanderings
  • Hanrahan Reproves The Curlew
  • Hanrahan Speaks To The Lovers Of His Songs In Coming Days
  • He And She
  • He Bids His Beloved Be At Peace
  • He Gives His Beloved Certain Rhymes
  • He Hears The Cry Of The Sedge
  • He Mourns For The Change That Has Come Upon Him And His Beloved, And Longs For The End Of The World
  • He Remembers Forgotten Beauty
  • He Reproves The Curlew
  • Her Praise
  • He Tells Of A Valley Full Of Lovers
  • He Tells Of The Perfect Beauty
  • He Thinks Of His Past Greatness When A Part Of The Constellations Of Heaven
  • He Thinks Of Those Who Have Spoken Evil Of His Beloved
  • He Wishes For The Cloths Of Heaven
  • He Wishes His Beloved Were Dead
  • High Talk
  • His Dream
  • His Phoenix
  • Hound Voice
  • Imitated From The Japanese
  • In Memory Of Alfred Pollexfen
  • In Memory of Major Robert Gregory
  • In Taras Halls
  • In The Seven Woods
  • Into The Twilight
  • Introductory Rhymes
  • John Kinsella’s Lament For Mr. Mary Moore
  • King and No King
  • Lapis Lazuli
  • Leda And The Swan
  • Lines Written In Dejection
  • Long-Legged Fly
  • Maid Quiet
  • Meditations In Time Of Civil War
  • Memory
  • Men Improve With The Years
  • Me Peacock
  • Meru
  • Michael Robartes Asks Forgiveness Because Of His Many Moods
  • Michael Robartes Bids His Beloved Be At Peace
  • Michael Robartes Remembers Forgotten Beauty
  • Mohini Chatterjee
  • Mongan Laments The Change That Has Come Upon Him And His Beloved
  • Mongan Thinks Of His Past Greatness
  • Narrative And Dramatic The Wanderings Of Oisin
  • Never Give All the Heart
  • News For The Delphic Oracle
  • Nineteen Hundred And Nineteen
  • No Second Troy
  • O Do Not Love Too Long
  • Oil And Blood
  • Old Memory
  • On A Picture Of A Black Centaur By Edmund Dulac
  • On A Political Prisoner
  • On Being Asked For A War Poem
  • On Hearing That The Students Of Our New University Have Joined The Ancient Order Of Hibernians And The Agitation Against Immoral Literature
  • On Those That Hated “The Playboy Of The Western World”
  • On Woman
  • Owen Aherne And His Dancers
  • Parnells Funeral
  • Paudeen
  • Peace
  • Politics
  • Presences
  • Quarrel In Old Age
  • Reconciliation
  • Red Hanrahans Song About Ireland
  • Remorse For Intemperate Speech
  • Responsibilities
  • Ribb At The Tomb Of Baile And Aillinn
  • Ribb Considers Christian Love Insufficient
  • Ribb Denounces Patrick
  • Ribb In Ecstasy
  • Roger Casement
  • Running To Paradise
  • Sailing To Byzantium
  • September 1913
  • Shepherd And Goatheard
  • Sixteen Dead Men
  • Slim Adolescence That A Nymph Has Stripped
  • Solomon And The Witch
  • Solomon To Sheba
  • Spilt Milk
  • Statistics
  • Stream And Sun At Glendalough
  • Supernatural Songs
  • Sweet Dancer
  • Swifts Epitaph
  • Symbols
  • That The Night Come
  • The Apparitions
  • The Arrow
  • The Attack on ‘The Playboy of the Western World,’ 1907
  • The Ballad Of Father Gilliagan
  • The Ballad Of Father OHart
  • The Ballad Of Moll Magee
  • The Ballad Of The Foxhunter
  • The Balloon Of The Mind
  • The Black Tower
  • The Blessed
  • The Cap And Bells
  • The Cat And The Moon
  • The Chambermaids First Song
  • The Chambermaids Second Song
  • The Choice
  • The Circus Animal Desertion
  • The Cloak, The Boat, And The Shoes
  • The Cold Heaven
  • The Collar-Bone Of A Hare
  • The Coming Of Wisdom With Time
  • The Consolation
  • The Countess Cathleen In Paradise
  • The Crazed Moon
  • The Curse Of Cromwell
  • The Dawn
  • The Dedication To A Book Of Stories
  • The Delphic Oracle Upon Plotinus
  • The Dolls
  • The Double Vision Of Michael Robartes
  • The Everlasting Voices
  • The Falling Of The Leaves
  • The Fascination Of What’s Difficult
  • The Fiddler Of Dooney
  • The Fish
  • The Fisherman
  • The Folly Of Being Comforted
  • The Fool By The Roadside
  • The Four Ages of Man
  • The Ghost Of Roger Casement
  • The Gift Of Harun Al-Rashid
  • The Great Day
  • The Grey Rock
  • The Gyres
  • The Harp Of Aengus
  • The Hawk
  • The Heart Of The Woman
  • The Hosting Of The Sidhe
  • The Host Of The Air
  • The Hour Before Dawn
  • The Hour-Glass
  • The Indian To His Love
  • The Indian Upon God
  • The Ladys First Song
  • The Ladys Second Song
  • The Ladys Third Song
  • The Lake isle Of Innesfree
  • The Lamentation Of The Old Pensioner
  • The Leaders Of The Crowd
  • The Living Beauty
  • The Lover Asks Forgiveness Because Of His Many Moods
  • The Lover Mourns For The Loss Of Love
  • The Lover Pleads With His Friend For Old Friends
  • The Lover Speaks To The Hearers Of His Songs In Coming Days
  • The Lovers Song
  • The Lover Tells Of The Rose In His Heart
  • The Madness Of King Goll
  • The Magi
  • The Man And The Echo
  • The Man Who Dreamed Of Faeryland
  • The Mask
  • The Meditation Of The Old Fisherman
  • The Moods
  • The Mother Of God
  • The Mountain Tomb
  • The Municipal Gallery Revisited
  • The New Faces
  • The Nineteenth Century And After
  • The Old Age Of Queen Maeve
  • The Old Men Admiring Themselves In The Water
  • The Old Stone Cross
  • The ORahilly
  • The Peacock
  • The People
  • The Phases of the Moon
  • The Pilgrim
  • The Player Queen
  • The Players Ask For A Blessing On The Psalteries And On Themselves
  • The Poet Pleads With His Friend For Old Friends
  • The Ragged Wood
  • There
  • The Realists
  • The Results Of Thought
  • The Rose Of Battle
  • The Rose Of Peace
  • The Rose Of The World
  • The Rose Tree
  • The Sad Shepherd
  • The Saint And The Hunchback
  • The Scholars
  • These Are The Clouds
  • The Second Coming
  • The Secret Rose
  • The Seven Sages
  • The Shadowy Waters
  • The Song Of The Happy Shepherd
  • The Song Of The Old Mother
  • The Song Of Wandering Aengus
  • The Sorrow Of Love
  • The Spirit Medium
  • The Spur
  • The Statesmans Holiday
  • The Statues
  • The Stolen Child
  • The Three Beggars
  • The Three Bushes
  • The Three Hermits
  • The Three Monuments
  • The Tower
  • The Travail Of Passion
  • The Two Kings
  • The Two Trees
  • The Unappeasable Host
  • The Valley Of The Black Pig
  • The Well And The Tree
  • The Wheel
  • The White Birds
  • The Wild Old Wicked Man
  • The Wild Swans at Coole
  • The Winding Stair And Other Poems
  • The Witch
  • The Withering Of The Boughs
  • The Young Man’s Song
  • Those Images
  • Three Marching Songs
  • Three Movements
  • Three Songs To The One Burden
  • Three Songs To The Same Tune
  • To A Child Dancing In The Wind
  • To A Friend Whose Work Has Come To Nothing
  • To An Isle In The Water
  • To A Poet
  • To A Shade
  • To A Squirrel At Kyle-na-gno
  • To A Wealthy Man
  • To A Young Beauty
  • To A Young Girl
  • To Be Carved On A Stone At Thoor Ballylee
  • To Dorothy Wellesley
  • To Ireland In The Coming Times
  • Tom O’Roughley
  • To My Heart, Bidding It Have No Fear
  • To Some I Have Talked With By The Fire
  • To The Rose Upon The Road Of Time
  • Towards Break Of Day
  • Two Songs From A Play
  • Two Songs Of A Fool
  • Two Songs Rewritten For The Tunes Sake
  • Two Years Later
  • Under Ben Bulben
  • Under Saturn
  • Under The Moon
  • Under The Round Tower
  • Upon A Dying Lady
  • Upon A House Shaken By The Land Agitation
  • Vacilliation
  • Veronicas Napkin
  • What Magic Drum?
  • What Then?
  • What Was Lost
  • Whence Had They Come?
  • When Helen Lived
  • When You Are Old
  • Who Goes With Fergus?
  • Why Should Not Old Men Be Mad?
  • Wisdom
  • Words
  • Words For Music Perhaps
  • Youth And Age
  • Short Stories

  • Four Years
  • Hanrahan And Cathleen The Daughter Of Hoolihan
  • Hanrahan’s Vision
  • Of Costello the Proud, of Oona the Daughter of Dermott and of the Bitter Tongue
  • Out Of The Rose
  • Red Hanrahan
  • Red Hanrahan’s Curse
  • Rosa Alchemica
  • The Crucifixion Of The Outcast
  • The Curse Of The Fires And Of The Shadows
  • The Death Of Hanrahan
  • The Heart Of The Spring
  • The Old Men Of The Twilight
  • The Twisting Of The Rope
  • The Wisdom Of The King
  • Where There Is Nothing There Is God